New Approaches to Global Human Rights
For more than 50 years, “human rights” has been the dominant approach to the concepts of international equity and justice, but it is a dynamic field. In the 20th century, global human rights focused on protecting persons from torture, extra-judicial killing, genocide, forced disappearance, and other atrocities that destroyed people physically and psychologically.
In the 21st century, we see a dramatic expansion and redefinition, driven by threats to life and liberty posed by global environmental change, mass refugee movements, and technological innovations that reshape the concepts of humanity. These new contours demand address by educators at every level, even while we remain attentive to traditional threats.
Please utilize this page to explore: local and national resources, instructor materials, speaker series recordings, and study abroad programs.
Resources
Instructor Materials
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Readings: Child Health and Human Rights
- Chapter 6: Child Health and Human Rights, in Health and Human Rights Resource Guide. 2013. FXB Center for Health and Human Rights and Open Society Foundations. Fifth Edition.
- Skinner, N. Tsheko, S. Mtero-Munyati, M. Segwabe, P. Chibatamoto, S. Mfecane B. Chandiwana, N. Nkomo, S. Tlou & G Chitiyo. Defining Orphaned and Vulnerable Children. Occasional Paper 2, Published by HSRC Publishers, 2004.
- TuesayTorjesen, K., & Olness, K. 2009. International child health: State of the art. Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care, 239 (98) 192-213.
- Annex II: Global Profile of Children in Adversity (p.20). The US Government Action Plan on Children in Adversity. Tenth Annual Report to Congress. August 2018.
- Law Library of Congress. (2007). Children’s Rights: International Law. Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/law/help/child-rights/international-law.php Convention on the rights of the child. Committee of the Rights of the Child, United Nations, 2003. https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx
- General Comment No. 4: Adolescent Health and Development in the Context of the Rights of the Child 2003
- General Comment No. 3: HIV/AIDS and the Rights of the Child (2003).
- General Comment No. 20: On the Implementation of the Rights of the Child During Adolescence (2016)
- Denburg, A. (2015). A Sensitive Period: Bioethics, Human Rights and Child Development. Health and Human Rights, 17(1),19.Huebner, G., Boothby, N., et.al. (2016. June 16). Beyond Survival: The Case for Investing in Young Children Globally. National Academy of Medicine.
- US Government International Assistance for Children in Adversity Public Law 109-95: Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005 (PL 109-95) [PDF, 2.0MB]
- Advancing Protection and Care for Children in Adversity 2019-2023: A U.S. Government Strategy for International Assistance. USAID, US Department of Health and Human Services, US Department of Labor, US Department of State, PEPFAR, Peace Corps – United States Government. 17 Jun 2019. United States Government Policy Statement.
- Africa’s Orphan Generation. UNICEF, 2003. P 6-45
- DiPrete Brown L. Quality Programs for Orphans and Vulnerable Children: A Facilitator’s Guide to Establishing Service Standards. Published by Pact Inc. and University Research Co., LLC for PEPFAR and the United States Agency for International Development. 2008.
- James Kassaga Arinaitwe. Ebola orphans in Africa do not need saviors. 27 Feb 2015, Al Jazeera. Policy Briefs and Publications. Young Carers, SA. http://www.youngcarers.org.za/publications/
- Selected Case Studies and Field Reports. CRS.
- Working Toward a Loving Home and Family: Stephen’s Story
- Life in an Orphanage: Peter’s Story
- The orphan myth: Exposing the truth about orphanages. Sean Callahan, Georgette Mulheir, and Philip Goldman – The CRUX, 12 Jul 2017
- Aring, C. In Defense of Orphanages. The American Scholar. Vol. 60, No. 4 (Autumn 1991), pp. 575-579.
- John Williamson and Aaron Greenberg, “Families not Orphanages,” Better Care Network Working Paper, 2010.
- Richter, L. & Norman, A. (2010). AIDS orphan tourism: A threat to young children in residential care. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies.
- The Better Care Network: The Continuum of Care
- Lehman Held, M. 2018. Why Do People Migrate?: The Context of Migration from Central America and Mexico to the United States. The Center on Immigration and Welfare. School of Social Work. pp 1-5
- Jones, R. The Central American Child Migration Surge: A Temporal and Spatial Investigation of its Causes The Latin Americanist, 2017, Vol.61(3), pp.333-360
- Crea, T.M. et al. 2018. How do Immigrant Children and Families Experience Immigrant Detention? The center on Immigration and child welfare. School of Social Work. New Mexico State University.
- Briggs, Laura. 2016. Understanding the spectacle of children separated at the border: A history. The Gender Policy Report. University of Minnesota.
- Debry, J. 2014. U.S immigration policy and family separation: The consequences for children’s well-being. El Sevier.
- Chaos, Confusion, and Danger: The remain in Mexico Program in El Paso. Women’s Refugee Commission.
- Chatterjee, R. 2019. Lengthy Detention of migrant children may create lasting trauma, say researchers. NPR. (11 pgs)
- Charity Butcher, Maia Carter Hallward, Bridging the Gap between Human Rights and Peace: An Analysis of NGOs and the United Nations Human Rights Council, International Studies Perspectives, Volume 18, Issue 1, February 2017, Pages 81–109, https://doi.org/10.1093/isp/ekw001
- Perry, D. J., Fernández, C. G., & Puyana, D. F. (2015). The Right to Life in Peace: An Essential Condition for Realizing the Right to Health. Health and Human Rights,17(1), 148. doi:10.2307/healhumarigh.17.1.148
- Amma, W. (2018). Migration and health: Human rights in the era of populism. The Lancet, 392 (10164), 2526-2528.
- Devakumar, D., Russell, N., Murphy, L. Wickramage, K., Sawyer, S.M., & Abubakar, I. 2019. Children and adolescents on the move: What does the Global Compact for Migration mean for their health? The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, 3(2), 64-66.
- Abubakar, I. et al. The UCL-Lancet Commission on Migration and Health: the health of a world on the move. The Lancet, 392 (11-50).
- Mark P. Lagon, “Traits of Transformative Anti-Trafficking,” Journal of Human Trafficking Vol. 1, No. 1 (April 2015): 21-38.United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2014, November 24).
- Trafficking in children on the increase, according to latest UNODC report.
- Reuters. (2016, December 2). Human trafficking on the rise in Ethiopia.
- U.S. Department of State. (2016). Trafficking in Persons Report. South Africa.
- Sandner, P. (Aug. 18, 2014). Rwanda steps up the fight against human trafficking. DW.COM.
- Gruskin, S., Ferguson, L., Kumar, S., Nicholson, A., Ali, M., & Khosla, R. (2017). A novel methodology for strengthening human rights-based monitoring in public health: Family planning indicators as an illustrative example. PloS one, 12(12), e0186330. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186330
- Edited by Sandor Halebsky and Richard L. 1995. Harris. Capital, Power, and Inequality in Latin America. Westview Press.
- Menjia, C., Gomez Cervantes, A. 2018. El Salvador: Civil War, Natural Disasters, and Gang Violence Drive Migration. Migration Policy Institute.
- Nervins, J. 2018. How U.S. policy in Honduras set the stage for today’s migration. The Conversation.
- Jonas, S. 2013. Guatemalan Migration in Times of Civil War and Post War Challenges. Migration Policy Institute.
- Jones, Richard C. The Central American Child Migration Surge: A Temporal and Spatial Investigating of Its Causes. The Latin Americanist. Vol.61(3), pp.333-360
- Lehman Held, M. 2018. Why Do People Migrate?: The Context of Migration from Central America and Mexico to the United States. The Center on Immigration and Welfare. School of Social Work. pp 1-5
- Swanson, K. Torres, R.M. (2016) Child Migration and Transnationalized Violence in Central and North America. Journal of Latin American Geography. Vol.15(3), pp.23-48[Peer Reviewed]
- Blitzer, J. 2019. How climate change is fueling the U.S border crisis. The New Yorker.
- Yates, C. 2019. As More Migrants from Africa and Asia Arrive in Latin America, Governments Seek Orderly and Controlled Pathways. Migration Policy Institute.
- Dominguez-Villegas, R. 2017. Strengthening Mexico’s Protection of Central American Unaccompanied Minors in Transit. Migration Policy Institute.
- Capps, R., et al. 2019. From Control to Crisis: Changing Trends and Policies Reshaping U.S.-Mexico Border Enforcement (a full report). Migration Policy Institute.
- Spike in Unaccompanied Child Arrivals at U.S.-Mexico Border Proves Enduring Challenge. Migration Policy Institute.
- Dominguez Villegas, R. 2014. Central American Migrants and “La Bestia”: The Route, Dangers, and Government Responses. Migration Policy Institute.
- Chaos, Confusion, and Danger: The remain in Mexico Program in El Paso. Women’s Refugee Commission.
- Crea, T.M. et al. 2018. How do Immigrant Children and Families Experience Immigrant Detention? The center on Immigration and child welfare. School of Social Work. New Mexico State University.
- Debry, J. 2014. U.S immigration policy and family separation: The consequences for children’s well-being. El Sevier.
- Briggs, Laura. 2016. Understanding the spectacle of children separated at the border: A history. The Gender Policy Report. University of Minnesota.
- Linton, J.M. et al. (2017). Detention of immigrant children. American Academy of Pediatrics.
- Ciaccia, K. John, R. M. (2016) Unaccompanied Immigrant Minors: Where to Begin. National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners. El Sevier.
- Law Library of Congress. (2007). Children’s Rights: International Law.
- Convention on the rights of the child. Committee of the Rights of the Child, United Nations, 2003.
- Chatterjee, R. 2019. Lengthy Detention of migrant children may create lasting trauma, say researchers. NPR.
- Seguin, D. 2018. APA’s letter to U.S Immigration and Customs Enforcement (Nov. 2018)
- Ataiants, J. et al. (2017) Unaccompanied Children at the United States Border, a Human Rights Crisis that can be Addressed with Policy Change. Immigrant Minority Health. Business Media New York.
- Children shouldn’t be dying at the border. Here’s how you can help. 2019. The editorial board.
- Building immigrant-friendly cities. A guide for city leaders. 2019. Mayors innovation project.
Readings: Human Rights and Citizenship
- Human rights issues under international and national law. UN General Assembly, https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
- Building a Dangerous Precedent in the Americas: Revoking Fundamental Rights of Dominicans Human Rights Brief. https://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1894&context=hrbrief
- Harvey, D. 2003. The right to the city. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 27 (4), pp. 939-941.
- Marcuse, P. 2012. Whose right (s) to what city? In Cities for People, Not for Profit, pp. 33-47. Routledge.
- Purcell, Mark. 2006. “Urban democracy & the local trap.” Urban Studies 43 (11):1921–41.
- Soja, E. 2009. The city and spatial justice [«La ville et la justice spatiale», traduction: Sophie Didier, F. Dufaux], J. Spatiale , n° 01|, September, pp. 1-5.
- Uitermark, J., Nicholls, W., & Loopmans, M. 2012. Cities and social movements: theorizing beyond the right to the city. Environment and Planning 44: pp. 2546 – 2554.
- Ong, Aihwa. 1999. Flexible Citizenship. Durham: Duke University Press.
- Purcell, Mark & Brown, J Christopher. 2005. Against the local trap: Scale and the study of environment and development. Progress in Development Studies, 5 (4): 279-297.
- Roy, A. 2010. The democratization of capital and development. Poverty Capital: Microfinance and the Making of Development. New York: Routledge, pp. 1-40.
- Sassen, Saskia. 2002. Locating cities on global circuits. Environment and Urbanization 14 (1): 13-30.
- Miraftab, Faranak, and Shana Wills. 2005. “Insurgency and Spaces of Active Citizenship: The Story of the Western Cape Anti- Eviction Campaign in South Africa.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 25 (2): 200–17.
- Smith, Michael Peter, and Luis E. Guarnizo, eds. 1998. Transnationalism from Below. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
- Friedmann, J. 2002. Transnational Migration: Space of Incorporation. The Prospect of Cities. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 39-66.
- Laquian, A. A. 2005. From Mega-Cities to Mega-Urban Regions. Beyond Metropolis: The Planning and Governance of Asia’s Mega-Urban Regions. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, pp. 1-52.
Readings: Climate Change and Human Rights
- US Policy Call to Action on Climate, Health and Equity
- Study on Air Pollution and COVID-19 Mortality, NEJM, 2020.
- “Air Pollution and Climate Change”
- “Air Pollution: Everything You Need to Know”
- “Nighttime temperature and human sleep loss in a changing climate”
- “An Effect of Climate Change You Could Really Lose Sleep Over”
- “Disease Emergence from Global Climate and Land Use Change” Patz et al. 2008
- Lancet EAT Commissioned Report 2019
- Multiple health and environmental impacts of food, PNAS, 2019
- “Impediments to inland resettlement under conditions of accelerated sea level rise”
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Videos: Child Health and Human Rights
- The Convention of the Rights of the Child at 20: Foundational Texts
- African Grandmothers Tribunal: A Film of the Stephen Lewis Foundation
- Young Carers: Through Our Eyes. The Young Carers Project.
- Lucy Cluver. Children as Caregivers. Regional Pyscho-social Support Forum, May 15-17, 2011, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- The voices of children separated at the border (7mins)
- Felipe’s journey: The boy who risked his life for the American Dream (15mins)
- What happens to unaccompanied migrant children? (3mins)
- Unaccompanied: Alone in America (4mins)
- The legacy of the ‘zero tolerance’ policy: traumatized children with no access to treatment (9mins)
- How U.S. Involvement In Central America Led To a Border Crisis
- The Gang Crackdown- How the U.S Fueled the Rise of MS-13 (7mins)
- Children on the Run in Central America (8mins)
- Walking to America with the Migrant Caravan (20mins)
- Separated Children at the Border. PBS Frontline. (54mins)
- America’s child migrant crisis explained. VOX (2mins)
- Felipe’s journey: The boy who risked his life for the American Dream (15mins)
- What happens to unaccompanied migrant children? (3mins)
- The voices of children separated at the border (7mins)
- Who’s making money from the border crisis? (6mins)
Videos: Human Rights and Citizenship
Human Rights Amnesty International #9. This series of animated video clips for human rights education offers a broad overview of different human rights issues. This is a perfect introduction for a beginner interested in learning about the basics of human rights.
Inés & Valentina, Mexico -Write for Rights (2011)
This is an example of human rights issues of power/forces at play. This is the court case of Ines y Valentina (two indigenous women who fought abuse against the military) were raped by Mexican soldiers in 2002. The Inter-American Court had ordered the Mexican government to guarantee the safety of Inés Fernández and her family on 7 April 2009 but the protection measures have not been fully implemented.
City Rising : Gentrification and Displacement (2017)
Director: Juan Devis
This multi-platform documentary shows how gentrification is deeply rooted in a history of discriminatory laws and practices in the United States. City Rising follows the journey of California communities that are fighting gentrification and features a growing movement of advocates seeking responsible development across the state. People of color who cherish their neighborhood’s culture and sense of community are mobilizing against unsustainable rents and other forces that they see are pushing neighbors into homelessness.
Director: Philippe Diaz
The End of Poverty? Is a daring, thought-provoking, and very timely documentary by Philippe Diaz, revealing that poverty is not an accident. It began with military conquest, slavery, and colonization that resulted in the seizure of land, minerals, and forced labor. Today, global poverty has reached new levels because of unfair debt, trade, and tax policies – in other words, wealthy countries exploiting the weaknesses of poor, developing countries. This film asks why today 20% of the planet’s population uses 80% of its resources and consumes 30% more that the planet can generate?
Director: Lixin Fan
A family embarks on an annual tormenting journey along with 200 other million peasant workers to reunite with their distant family, and to revive their love and dignity as China soars as the world’s next super power.
Videos: Climate Change and Human Rights
Professor Patz at University of Illinois-Chicago webinar on Climate & Health Equity in the time of COVID
Air Pollution and Environmental Justice, “One reason why coronavirus hits black people the hardest”
Climate Change and Air Pollution
Heat and Vulnerable Populations
Climate Change and Food Security
Climate Change Human Rights and Social Justice
Climate Change and Children’s Health
TED Talk: “My Country Will Be Underwater Soon –Unless We Work Together”
TED Talk: “Why Climate Change is a Threat to Human Rights”